Management

# Management

## Part I: Introduction to Management
- The Nature of Management
  - Definition and Importance
  - Historical Perspectives
  - Key Functions of Management
- Managerial Roles and Skills
  - Interpersonal Roles
  - Informational Roles
  - Decisional Roles
- Evolution of Management Thought
  - Classical Approaches
  - Behavioral Approaches
  - Modern Approaches

## Part II: Planning and Decision Making
- Fundamentals of Planning
  - Types of Plans
  - Steps in the Planning Process
  - Benefits and Limitations
- Strategic Management
  - Environmental Scanning
  - Strategy Formulation
  - Strategy Implementation
- Decision-Making Processes
  - Rational Decision Making
  - Bounded Rationality
  - Group Decision Making

## Part III: Organizing
- Organizational Structure and Design
  - Types of Structures
  - Centralization vs Decentralization
  - Span of Control
- Human Resource Management
  - Recruitment and Selection
  - Training and Development
  - Performance Appraisal
- Organizational Culture
  - Elements of Culture
  - Creating a Positive Culture
  - Managing Cultural Change

## Part IV: Leading
- Leadership Theories
  - Trait Theory
  - Behavioral Theory
  - Contingency Theory
- Motivation in the Workplace
  - Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
  - Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
  - Expectancy Theory
- Communication in Organizations
  - Communication Channels
  - Barriers to Effective Communication
  - Improving Communication Skills

## Part V: Controlling
- Control Systems and Processes
  - Types of Control
  - Steps in the Control Process
  - Feedback Mechanisms
- Performance Measurement
  - Setting Standards
  - Measuring Performance
  - Corrective Actions
- Managing Change and Innovation
  - Forces for Change
  - Resistance to Change
  - Encouraging Innovation

## Part VI: Special Topics in Management
- Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility
  - Ethical Dilemmas
  - Implementing CSR
  - Sustainability Practices
- Global Management
  - Cross-Cultural Challenges
  - International Business Strategies
  - Global Leadership
- Technology and Management
  - Impact of Technology on Organizations
  - Digital Transformation
  - Managing Virtual Teams